What is Haemophilia?
A simple guide to understanding the basics, types, symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of haemophilia.
A simple guide to understanding the basics, types, symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of haemophilia.
Haemophilia is a rare inherited bleeding disorder where the blood does not clot properly due to a lack of clotting proteins.
There are three main types based on the missing clotting factor:
| Type | Missing Factor | Prevalence |
|---|---|---|
| Haemophilia A | Factor VIII | 85% of cases |
| Haemophilia B | Factor IX | 15% of cases |
| Haemophilia C | Factor XI | Rare |
Haemophilia is genetic, caused by mutations in genes on the X chromosome. It's inherited from mothers to sons (X-linked recessive). About 30% of cases are spontaneous mutations with no family history.
Diagnosis involves blood tests to measure clotting factor levels:
In Kenya, free testing at KNH, Muranga Hospital. Early diagnosis prevents joint damage.
Main treatment is factor replacement therapy:
To live well with haemophilia: